Oil burner



Patented Nov. 12, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFlCE OIL BURNER Application. January 7, 1932, Serial No. 585,179

15 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners of the class designed to be located in stoves and ranges, and type which have metallic bases surmounted by perforated cylindrical shells, the bases having central fuel inlets, concentric wick receiving grooves in communication with the inlets so that fuel may reach the wicks, and openings which permit the passage of air upward between the shells for supporting combustion.

The object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement of elements which are cheap to manufacture and simple to assemble, which will insure a uniform distribution of fuel to the wick grooves, and which may be readily disassembled, easily cleaned of deposit and reassembled by anyone when such becomes necessary.

In the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 is a'plan view of the base of the improved burner. Fig. 2 is a view looking down on the top of the burner with the perforated shells and intake'cover in place, the usual shell cover being omitted.- Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on the plane indicated by the dotted line 33 on Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on the plane indicated by the dotted line 4-4 on .Fig. 2. Fig. 5 shows a plan view of the intake cover.

The base of the burner is preferably made of cast iron in the shape of a circular plate I that has on its under side at the center a tubular hub 2 which is threaded to receive the end of the fuel supply pipe 3.

In the upper face of the base there is a central chamber 4 and concentric inner groove 5 and outer groove 6. The chamber, in the form illustrated, is connected with the inner groove by four open channels 1 spaced ninety degrees apart, and the inner groove is connected with the outer groove by four open channels 8 spaced ninety degrees apart, the channels 8 being located fortyfive degrees angularly with relation to the channels 1. Between the central chamber and the inner groove are four openings 9 through the plate, and between the inner groove and outer groove are four openings I!) through the plate. The'walls ll of the chamber and the channels I are not as high as the inner wall l2 of the groove 5, and the walls E3 of the channels 8 are not ashigh as the outer wall I4 of the groove 5 and inner wall l5 of the groove 6.

A plate l6 preferably stamped from thin sheet metal with four extensions I1 is placed on the top of the walls I! of the central chamber with the extensions covering the channels from the chamber to the inner groove.

This plate covers the central supply chamber,

and the extensions cover the channels from the supply chamber to the inner groove and retain the plate in place without covering the inner air openings through the base.

With the cover plate in place the lower end 5 of the inner cylindrical perforated shell I8 is fitted inside of the rim of the inner wall of the inner groove 5. The lower end of this shell not only closely fits the inside of the groove wall but it rests upon the top of the cover plate exten- 10 sions and holds the plate down. A perforated cylindrical shell l9 which is provided at its lower edge with four inwardly extending ears 20 is fitted within the rim of the inner wall of the outer groove 6. When this shell is in position 15 the ears rest on the top of the walls of the channels 8 and cover the tops of those channels. A perforated cylindrical shell 2| has its lower end fitted around the rim of the outer wall of the inner groove 5 with its lower edge 0 resting on and holding the ears 25 down upon the top of the channels 8. The outer perforated cylindrical shell 22 has its edge fitted around the upper rim of the wall of the outer groove 6.

Fuel enters the central chamber through the 25 tubular hub and passes through the channels 1 to the groove 5 and from this groove through the channels 8 to the groove 6, permeating any wicks that are placed in the grooves. As the channels 1 and 8 are not in direct line the fuel is diverted 30 so that it will be uniformly absorbed by the wicks. B lifting the cylindrical shells from place the grooves and the channels are opened so that they from the inner groove to the outer groove, and

when the shell 2| is in position its lower edge holds the ears 20 down tightly over the channels 45 8, and this also aids in holding the shell [9 in position. I

With the shells in place and the usual cover (not shown) over the top, the fuel which is al lowed to enter the central chamber flows through 50 the channels and permeates the wicks. After the fuel has been ignited and the base and shells sufficiently heated the incoming fuel is vaporized and passes up between the shells, mingling with the air that comes up through the openings in the shells, in the well known way, and burns with an exceedingly hot flame.

The invention claimed is:

1. Anoil burner having a metallic base witha central fuel vaporizing chamber, concentric vapor grooves surrounding said chamber, channels with their upper sides open, providing passages from the said chamber to the inner'groove, channels with their upper sides open, providing passages from the inner to the outer groove'ja passages from the inner to the outer groove, none of said'latter channels being in line with any of the former channels, a removable plate covering said chamber and first mentioned channels, and

perforated .cylindrical shells concentrically mounted on the base at the inner and outer sides of the grooves, one of said shells having ears that cover the second mentioned channels.

3. An'oil burner having a metallic base with a central fuel vaporizing chamber, concentric vapor grooves surrounding said chamber, channels with their upper sides open, providing passages from the said chamber to the inner groove, channels with their upper sides open, providing passages from the inner to the outer groove, said latter channels being out of line with the former channels, a removable plate covering said chamber and-first mentioned channels, and perforated cylindrical shells concentrically mounted on the base, one of said shells having ears that cover the second mentioned channels, the innermost of the shells resting upon said cover plate, and. the next outer shell resting upon said ears,

4. A burner including a base having a central, unitary fuel vaporizing recess surrounded by a pair of concentric, spaced annular grooves with vapor passages affording communication between said recess and both of said grooves, a' cover fitting over the top of said recess and having radial- -ly extending arms to cover certain of said passages, and means for introducing fuel to said its edge cut away over said air openings, an outer vapor groove spaced from said inner groove, conduits for conducting vapor from the inner to the outer groove, and perforated cylindrical shells concentrically mounted on the base in pairs at -the inner and outer sides of each groove, the

innermost of said shells engaging the periphery of said cover plate to retain it in position.v

6. An oil burner having a metallic base with a central fuel vaporizing chamber, an inner va, por groove concentric with said chamber, channels with their upper sides open providing vapor passages from the said chamber to the groove,

air openings through the base between said channels, a removable plate covering said chamber, said plate having peripheral extensions covering said channels, an outer vapor groove spaced from said inner groove, conduits for conducting vapor from the inner groove to the outer groove, and perforated cylindrical shells concentrically mounted on the base at the inner and outer sides of each groove. 7. An oil burner having a metallic base with central fuel vaporizing chamber, an inner vapor groove concentric with but spaced from said chamber,'channels with their upper sides open providing vapor passages from the said chamber to the groove, a removable plate covering said chamber and channels, an outer vapor groove spaced from said inner groove, conduits for conducting vapor from the inner groove to the outer groove, and perforated cylindrical shells concentrically mounted on the base, the inner shell being mounted on the inner wall of the inner groove and resting upon and retaining said cover plate in position;

8. In an oil burner of the combustion tube type a base having an oil receiving and vaporizing re- 25.

cess surrounded by a pair of concentric fuel grooves there being inner and outer air spaces between the recess and the inner groove and between the two grooves respectively, a member bridging the inner air space forming an open top inner vapor channel affording communication between the recess and the inner groove, a member bridging the outer air space forming an open top outer vapor channel affording communication be tween the two grooves, a cover plate dimensioned to close said outerlvapor channel, and a plate for covering the vaporizing recess having a portion extending above and closing said inner vapor channel.

9. In an oil burner of the combustion tube type 6 a base having a cup-shaped oil vaporizing chamber, an inner fuel groove surrounding but spaced from said'chamber and an outer fuel groove surrounding but spaced from said inner groove, a

plurality of open top channels constituting pas- 4 sages for conducting vapor from the vaporizing chamber to the inner groove, a plurality of open top channels constituting passages for conducting the two grooves, and means for supplying oil to the vaporizing chamber.

10. The oil burner base according to claim' 9,

in which the covers of said open top channels between the two grooves areall connected to a member removably seated on said base.

11. In an oil burner of the combustion tube type a base constituted by three distinct concentrically related chambers, to wit: a central cupshaped; 7

oil vaporizing chamber, an inner fuel groove sur rounding but spaced from the wall of said cham-...

ber and an outer fuel groove surrounding but 5 spaced from said inner groove, a plurality 'of spacing members constituting open top vapor passages between the chamber andthe inner groove there being also a plurality of spacing. members constituting vapor passages between 7 the two grooves, an imperforate cover registering with the wall of the vaporizing chamber but having arms extending to theedge of the inner groove chamber through which oil may be delivered.

12. An oil burner of the combustion tube type comprising a central oil vaporizing chamber, an inner fuel groove surrounding but spaced from said chamber and an outer fuel groove surrounding but spaced from said inner groove, a series of open top channels constituting passages for conducting vapor from the vaporizing chamber to, the inner groove, a series of open top channels constituting passages for conducting vapor from the inner groove to the outer groove, removable means for closing each of said series of open top vapor channels, the closure means for one series being wholly independent of the closuremeans for the other series, means for retaining said' channel closing means in position, and means for supplying oil to the vaporizing chamber.

13. The invention of claim 12 having a removable cover for said vaporizing chamber, said cover and said means for closing the first named series of open top channels being integral.

'14. An oil burner of the combustion tube type having a base constituted by a cup-shaped oil vaporizing chamber, an inner vapor groove concentric with said chamber, spacers constituting open top vapor channels between the wall of said chamber and the inner wall of said inner groove leaving inner air openings about said chamber between said spacers, an outer vapor groove concentric with said inner groove, spacers between the adjacent walls of said grooves constituting vapor conduits between the two grooves leaving outer air opening about the inner groove between said spacers, a removable cover plate for said chamber located inside of said inner air openings and having extensions between said openings for closing the said open top channels, and perforated cylindrical shells concentrically mounted on the base at the inner and outer sides of each groove.

. 15 15. An oil burner according to claim 9 in which plane relative to said cover plate permitting said 20 inner shell to bridge said extensions to retain the cover plate in position.

FRED W. BARHOFF.

FRED W. BARHOFF, JR. 2 

